L-2-Hydroxyglutarate production arises from noncanonical enzyme function at acidic pH

Intlekofer A, Wang B, Liu H, Shah H, Carmona-Fontaine C, Rustenburg AS, Salah S, Gunner MR, Chodera JD, Cross JR, and Thompson CB.
Nature Chemical Biology 13:494, 2017. [DOI] [PDF] [GitHub]

At low pH, metabolic enzymes lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase undergo shifts in substrate utilization that have high relevance to cancer metabolism due to surprisingly simple protonation state effects.

Hypoxia induces production of L-2-hydroxyglutarate

Andrew M. Intlekofer, Raymond G. Dematteo, Sriram Venneti, Lydia W.S. Finley, Chao Lu, Alexander R. Judkins, Ariën S. Rustenburg, Patrick B. Grinaway, John D. Chodera, Justin R. Cross, and Craig B. Thompson.
Cell Metabolism 22:1-8, 2015. [DOI] [PDF]